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Are you going for a DBMS interview? If you want to have an awesome first impression on your Interviewer then you can quickly read these DBMS interview questions.
Here are some of the best DBMS Interview Questions with Answers, you can read them and prepare for your interviews.
The term "Database Management System(DBMS)" refers to a group of programs that enable users to safely save and retrieve data from a database. A DBMS enables you to conduct a variety of actions, including establishing new databases, adding and removing data, and updating existing data. It is a considerably more secure method of storing data than the standard file-based approach. MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server are all popular examples.
Advantages of DBMS
Many of the most significant advantages of DBMSs over conventional file-based systems include the following:
Database Normalization is a technique of organizing the data in the database. Normalization is a systematic approach of decomposing tables to eliminate data redundancy(repetition) and undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update and Deletion Anomalies. It is a multi-step process that puts data into tabular form, removing duplicated data from the relation tables.
Normalization is used for mainly two purposes,
Denormalization is the process of enriching a database with duplicate data. It is performed after normalization in order to minimize costly joins. It is a typical database optimization approach that aids in improving a database's performance.
There are three distinct kinds of database management system architectures:
A checkpoint or savepoint is used to designate a system state in which all previous logs are deleted. Checkpoints may be used to recover from a system crash. Rather than processing the transactions sequentially, you may utilize checkpoints to get the most recent recorded snapshot of the database.
SQL is basically called the structured query language. One of the primary goals of using the same is to connect with one of the expressly specified relational databases in some form by inserting, deleting, or updating data from the defined database.
A data model is a set of tools for describing data, semantics, and constraints. Additionally, they aid in describing the link between data items and their associated properties. The most often used data models are the hierarchical data model, the network data model, the entity-relationship data model, and the relational data model. Additionally, you may review other data modeling interview questions to get additional knowledge about data models.
An entity is a database term that relates to a physical item in the actual world. For instance, in a personnel database, the various entities may include employees, classifications, and departments.
An attribute is a property that identifies an entity. For instance, the entity "employee" may contain the property's name, ID, and age.
ACID characteristics are the fundamental principles of a database management system that must be obeyed in order to maintain data integrity. They are as follows:
Functional or database dependency establishes the relationship between two attributes. The symbol X -> Y indicates that Y is functionally reliant on X.
The most often seen normal forms are as follows:
An affiliation or connection between two or more data elements is referred to as a relationship. In a relational database management system, there are three primary kinds of relationships:
A stored procedure is a pre-compiled set of SQL statements that are stored in a database and can be executed repeatedly. It is used to encapsulate complex business logic or data processing tasks within the database itself.
Stored procedures can improve performance, reduce network overhead, and provide better security by allowing controlled access to data and operations.
A database index is a data structure that provides a fast and efficient way to look up rows in a table based on the values in one or more columns. Indexes are important for improving query performance, as they allow the database to quickly locate and retrieve data without scanning the entire table.
However, indexes also add overhead in terms of storage space and update performance, so they need to be carefully chosen and maintained to achieve optimal performance.
A database transaction is a sequence of one or more operations (such as insert, update, and delete) that are executed as a single unit of work. The properties of a database transaction, known as ACID properties, are:
A database view is a virtual table that is created by combining data from one or more tables in a database.
It is used to provide a logical or customized view of the data to users or applications, without changing the actual data stored in the tables.
Views can be used to simplify complex queries, encapsulate business logic, and provide an additional layer of security by controlling access to data.
Database indexing is the process of creating data structures, called indexes, that provide a fast and efficient way to look up rows in a table based on the values in one or more columns.
Indexes are organized in a specific data structure, such as a B-tree or a hash table, which allows the database to quickly locate and retrieve data without scanning the entire table.
Indexing can significantly improve query performance but should be used judiciously, as it also adds overhead in terms of storage space and update performance.
In a database, a candidate key is a column or a combination of columns that uniquely identifies a record in a table, just like a primary key.
However, unlike a primary key, a table can have multiple candidate keys. On the other hand, a foreign key is a column or a combination of columns in a table that refers to the primary key of another table.
It establishes a relationship between two tables and is used to maintain referential integrity by enforcing constraints on the relationship between the tables.
A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a relational database table. It ensures that each record in the table is uniquely identifiable and can be used as a reference in relationships with other tables.
Primary keys are crucial for maintaining data integrity, enforcing referential integrity, and allowing efficient and fast data retrieval.
In a database, a clustered index determines the physical order of data in a table based on the indexed column, while a non-clustered index does not affect the physical order of data.
In other words, with a clustered index, the rows in a table are stored on disk in the same order as the index, whereas with a non-clustered index, the index and the table data are stored separately.
As a result, queries that use a clustered index for data retrieval can be faster, but updates to clustered index columns can be slower compared to non-clustered indexes.
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These questions can make you help to Ace the DBMS interview. All the Best!!
